Establishing a Shareholding Company in China

The establishment of a Foreign Invested Companysubject to a 3 year lock-up (they cannotbe
Limited bytransferred within 3 years of the date of
Shares (also known as a "joint stock company") wasestablishment ofthe company). Share buy-backs are
designed toaccommodate investors seeking to issuenot permitted except underlimited circumstances. The
shares to the public orto list on the Shanghai,promoters' share capital must be atleast 35% of total
Shenzhen or foreign stock exchangesshare capital if shares are offered to thepublic.
(under Chinese foreign investment law nomenclature,Shares
the Hong Kong Stock Exchange qualifies as aAll shares may be paid for in cash or property, in
"foreign" stock exchange).lump sum orinstallment payments. The initial
Consequently, the establishment of FICLS is subjectinstallment payment must beat least 20% of the
to stricterconditions than the establishment of Equitytotal share capital, and promoters must payin full
Joint Ventures,within 2 years after the date that the Business
Cooperative Joint Ventures, and Wholly ForeignLicenseis issued. Stricter requirements may be set
Ownedout in the Articlesof Association if so desired.
Enterprises - so far, applications for the establishmentCorporate Governance
ofManagement must be in proportion to shareholding.
FICLS have been denied more often than not.An FICLS mustappoint at least 3 members to a
Although an FICLSmay be set up directly, a Jointsupervisory board, which isresponsible for supervising
Venture is eligible to convertto an FICLS after threethe performance and regulatorycompliance of
profitable years if it meets theconditions set forthdirectors and senior executives, and monitoringthe
below.company's financial affairs. This requirement is
The Registered Capital of an FICLS must be no lessmorestrictly enforced than is the case with Joint
than 5million RMB (about US$ 625,000). There be atVentures and
least 5shareholders, and 25% foreign shareholding isWholly Foreign Owned Enterprises.
required. Likethe Equity Joint Venture, profits andAn FICLS must appoint between 5 and 19 directors.
liquidated net assetsmust be distributed in proportionBoardmeetings are required biannually with at least 10
to shareholding.days notice.
Promoters50% of the directors constitutes a quorum. A special
At least two promoters are required to form anmeetingmay be forced by one-third of the directors
FICLS, and morethan half of them must reside inor supervisors, orshareholders holding 10% or more
China. Further, a promoter'sshares in an FICLS areof the share capital.